On my X1 Carbon I seem to have solved the issue by:
1. changing the BIOS so the Sleep State is in mode "Linux" as opposed to "Windows and Linux"
2. using Xorg instead of Wayland. -> When you log in, before inserting the password, click on the cog on the bottom right and choose the "Ubuntu on Xorg" option.
YMMV, but since I lost a day I wrote my solution here in case it helps someone.
On my X1 Carbon I seem to have solved the issue by:
1. changing the BIOS so the Sleep State is in mode "Linux" as opposed to "Windows and Linux"
2. using Xorg instead of Wayland. -> When you log in, before inserting the password, click on the cog on the bottom right and choose the "Ubuntu on Xorg" option.
YMMV, but since I lost a day I wrote my solution here in case it helps someone.