Your partition table is indeed corrupt. It claims the disk should be 312581808 sectors long, not 312579695. It seems that gdisk fails to detect and diagnose this error. Parted should handle this error more gracefully than it does. It seems that current upstream parted just refuses to recognize the partition table rather than crashing with an assertion failure. Patching parted to be able to correct such an error has been on my todo list.
Your partition table is indeed corrupt. It claims the disk should be 312581808 sectors long, not 312579695. It seems that gdisk fails to detect and diagnose this error. Parted should handle this error more gracefully than it does. It seems that current upstream parted just refuses to recognize the partition table rather than crashing with an assertion failure. Patching parted to be able to correct such an error has been on my todo list.