For reference, I am the colleague being referred to above. Seeing the exact same problem.

I am on Debian 12 (Bookworm) using the lxd 5.0.2-5 package provided with Debian (i.e. _not_ using it as a snap but as a normal .deb) package: https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/lxd.

I even went as far as purging and reinstalling lxd, re-running `lxd init` with the default settings. This unfortunately didn't fix the problem.

This doesn't seem to have been mentioned here previously, so posting it for completeness. It seems to be specifically the snap seeding of the lxd snap which seems to break things for me/us. Here are some logs:

root@emerging-caiman:~# journalctl -u snapd.seeded.service
Oct 18 11:02:19 emerging-caiman systemd[1]: Starting Wait until snapd is fully seeded...

snap debug gives me this:

seeded:  false
seed-error: |
  cannot perform the following tasks:
  - Start snap "lxd" (24322) services (systemctl command [start snap.lxd.activate.service] failed
  with exit status 1: Job for snap.lxd.activate.service failed because the control process exited
  with error code.
  See "systemctl status snap.lxd.activate.service" and "journalctl -xeu snap.lxd.activate.service"
  for details.
  )
preseeded:         true
image-preseeding:  4.005s
seed-completion:   –
preseed-system-key: {
  "apparmor-features": [
    "caps",
    "dbus",
    "domain",
    "file",
    "mount",
    "namespaces",
    "network",
    "network_v8",
    "policy",
    "ptrace",
    "query",
    "rlimit",
    "signal"
  ],
  "apparmor-parser-features": [
    "cap-audit-read",
    "cap-bpf",
    "include-if-exists",
    "mqueue",
    "qipcrtr-socket",
    "snapd-internal",
    "unsafe",
    "userns",
    "xdp"
  ],
  "apparmor-parser-mtime": 1692983915,
  "build-id": "55447a37514c4a317439786251326b5f762d31392f6f6b7835704d635279724779346e4d6e78414a6a2f6d647a5247354a536e6e38616e6c31636c5954612f38496435624e72466c744770475332794967704c",
  "cgroup-version": "2",
  "nfs-home": false,
  "overlay-root": "",
  "seccomp-compiler-version": "0a51bc642597bb018aeaaeea931b5cf033bb47d9 2.5.4 c3c9b282ef3c8dfcc3124b2aeaef62f56b813bfd21f8806b30a6c9dbc2e6e58d bpf-actlog",
  "seccomp-features": [
    "allow",
    "errno",
    "kill_process",
    "kill_thread",
    "log",
    "trace",
    "trap",
    "user_notif"
  ],
  "version": 10
}
seed-restart-system-key: {
  "apparmor-features": [
    "caps",
    "domain",
    "file",
    "mount",
    "namespaces",
    "network_v8",
    "policy",
    "ptrace",
    "query",
    "rlimit",
    "signal"
  ],
  "apparmor-parser-features": [
    "cap-audit-read",
    "cap-bpf",
    "include-if-exists",
    "mqueue",
    "qipcrtr-socket",
    "snapd-internal",
    "unsafe",
    "userns",
    "xdp"
  ],
  "apparmor-parser-mtime": 1692983915,
  "build-id": "55447a37514c4a317439786251326b5f762d31392f6f6b7835704d635279724779346e4d6e78414a6a2f6d647a5247354a536e6e38616e6c31636c5954612f38496435624e72466c744770475332794967704c",
  "cgroup-version": "2",
  "nfs-home": false,
  "overlay-root": "",
  "seccomp-compiler-version": "0a51bc642597bb018aeaaeea931b5cf033bb47d9 2.5.4 c3c9b282ef3c8dfcc3124b2aeaef62f56b813bfd21f8806b30a6c9dbc2e6e58d bpf-actlog",
  "seccomp-features": [
    "allow",
    "errno",
    "kill_process",
    "kill_thread",
    "log",
    "trace",
    "trap",
    "user_notif"
  ],
  "version": 10
}