Inconsistency detected by ld.so: dl-deps.c when dlopen .so, built with --filter option

Having libFilter.so built with --filter=libFiltee.so.
Running prog-bug, which contains dlopen("libFilter.so"), you'll get "Inconsistency detected by ld.so: dl-deps.c: 553: _dl_map_object_deps: Assertion `map->l_searchlist.r_list[0] == map' failed!"

The issue is reproducible on Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04, 20.04, although the dl-deps.c line number may be different.

The attached file contains full C source code, the binaries, and the build script.

To reproduce:
1) Unzip and cd to the folder.
2) Define LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.
3) Run correct executable prog-ok, not having dlopen call, behaves as expected.
$ prog-ok
4) Run prog-bug, which demonstrates the issue, having dlopen, and produces the above error.
$ prog-bug
Optionally you may rebuild the binaries, using _build.sh script.

The same error appears running:
$ ldd libFilter.so

I am using Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS with libc6 v2.27-3ubuntu1.4.

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
Package: libc6 2.27-3ubuntu1.4
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.15.0-162.170-generic 4.15.18
Uname: Linux 4.15.0-162-generic x86_64
NonfreeKernelModules: wl
ApportVersion: 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.27
Architecture: amd64
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Tue Nov 30 17:52:07 2021
Dependencies:
 gcc-11-base 11.1.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [origin: LP-PPA-ubuntu-toolchain-r-test]
 libc6 2.27-3ubuntu1.4
 libgcc-s1 11.1.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [origin: LP-PPA-ubuntu-toolchain-r-test]
 libgcc1 1:11.1.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1 [origin: LP-PPA-ubuntu-toolchain-r-test]
InstallationDate: Installed on 2020-05-03 (576 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS "Bionic Beaver" - Release amd64 (20180725)
SourcePackage: glibc
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)