Hi again,

After downloading the poppler-dev binary, and linking it to my PKG_CONFIG_PATH, I've managed to get configure to run successfully!
I had to edit my cairo.pc file in python26/lib/pkgconfig, and remove the  pixman-1 >= 0.10.0   dependency

However, I can't make much progress when executing make:

Steve@STEVEN /e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1
$ make
make  all-recursive
make[1]: Entering directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
Making all in demo
make[2]: Entering directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1/demo'
make[3]: Entering directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
make[3]: Leaving directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
make[3]: Entering directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
make[3]: Leaving directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1/demo'
make[2]: Entering directory `/e/Downloads/pypoppler-0.12.1'
/bin/sh ./libtool  --tag=CC   --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -Ic:\python26/include   -Ic:/Python26/include/pygtk-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/glib-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/lib/glib-2.0/include -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/atk-1.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/gtk-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/lib/gtk-2.0/include -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/pango-1.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/cairo -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/freetype2 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include -Ie:/Downloads/poppler-dev/include/poppler/glib   -Ic:/Python26/include/pycairo -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/cairo    -g -O2 -Wall -std=c9x -fno-strict-aliasing -MT poppler_la-popplermodule.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/poppler_la-popplermodule.Tpo -c -o poppler_la-popplermodule.lo `test -f 'popplermodule.c' || echo './'`popplermodule.c
libtool: compile:  gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -Ic:python26/include -Ic:/Python26/include/pygtk-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/glib-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/lib/glib-2.0/include -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/atk-1.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/gtk-2.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/lib/gtk-2.0/include -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/pango-1.0 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/cairo -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/freetype2 -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include -Ie:/Downloads/poppler-dev/include/poppler/glib -Ic:/Python26/include/pycairo -Ic:/GTK2-Runtime/include/cairo -g -O2 -Wall -std=c9x -fno-strict-aliasing -MT poppler_la-popplermodule.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/poppler_la-popplermodule.Tpo -c popplermodule.c  -DDLL_EXPORT -DPIC -o .libs/poppler_la-popplermodule.o
In file included from popplermodule.c:25:
c:/Python26/include/pygtk-2.0/pygobject.h:5:20: Python.h: No such file or directory
In file included from popplermodule.c:25:

----

I'm not sure why this is, because in the first few arguments we see: /bin/sh ./libtool  --tag=CC   --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -Ic:\python26/include

...the path where Python.h resides. 

I just noticed that Cairo/GTK kind of don't work in Python....

Python 2.6.4 (r264:75708, Oct 26 2009, 08:23:19) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gtk
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\gtk-2.0\gtk\__init__.py", line 48, in <module>
    from gtk import _gtk
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\cairo\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from _cairo import *
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified procedure could not be found.

>>> import cairo
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\cairo\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from _cairo import *
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified procedure could not be found.
>>>


hmm. I wonder what the issue could be. I'm pretty tired now, been at this for the past hour and half, I'll carry on tomorrow