juju refresh to revision is ignored w/ charmhub

As far as I can tell, we ignore the '--revision' when doing `juju refresh`. I tried this with just a normal charm:

$ juju model-config -m controller logging-config="<root>=INFO;#charmhub=TRACE"
$ juju refresh ubuntu-lite --revision 9 --channel latest/stable
charm "jameinel-ubuntu-lite", revision 10: already up-to-date

And in
$ juju debug-log -m controller

machine-0: 08:47:51 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client charmhub Refresh(charmhub.refreshOne{
    ID: "BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ",
    Revision: 10,
    Channel: "latest/stable",
    Base: charmhub.RefreshBase{Architecture:"amd64", Name:"ubuntu", Channel:"20.04"},
    instanceKey: "aNVoNhErQtBCGqPM_F6u5wITbndW3VQKZp9tUYEkv24",
    metrics: {},
    fields: {"bases", "config-yaml", "download", "id", "license", "metadata-yaml", "name", "publisher", "resources", "revision", "summary", "type", "version"},
})
machine-0: 08:47:51 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client charmhub POST request POST /v2/charms/refresh HTTP/1.1
Host: api.charmhub.io
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json
User-Agent: Juju/2.9.34

{
  "context": [
    {
      "instance-key": "aNVoNhErQtBCGqPM_F6u5wITbndW3VQKZp9tUYEkv24",
      "id": "BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ",
      "revision": 10,
      "base": {
        "architecture": "amd64",
        "name": "ubuntu",
        "channel": "20.04"
      },
      "tracking-channel": "latest/stable"
    }
  ],
  "actions": [
    {
      "action": "refresh",
      "instance-key": "aNVoNhErQtBCGqPM_F6u5wITbndW3VQKZp9tUYEkv24",
      "id": "BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ",
      "base": null
    }
  ],
  "fields": [
    "bases",
    "config-yaml",
    "download",
    "id",
    "license",
    "metadata-yaml",
    "name",
    "publisher",
    "resources",
    "revision",
    "summary",
    "type",
    "version"
  ]
}

machine-0: 08:47:51 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client charmhub POST response HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length: 1539
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Fri, 02 Sep 2022 12:47:51 GMT
Server: gunicorn/20.0.4
Snap-Store-Version: 50
X-Request-Id: AE4645A7F3340A83255C01BB6311FB7720EB07C7
X-Vcs-Revision: 1a95ea7b
X-View-Name: snapdevicegw.webapi_refresh_charm.charm_refresh

{
  "error-list": [],
  "results": [
    {
      "charm": {
        "bases": [
          {
            "architecture": "amd64",
            "channel": "20.04",
            "name": "ubuntu"
          },
          {
            "architecture": "amd64",
            "channel": "18.04",
            "name": "ubuntu"
          },
          {
            "architecture": "amd64",
            "channel": "16.04",
            "name": "ubuntu"
          },
          {
            "architecture": "amd64",
            "channel": "14.04",
            "name": "ubuntu"
          }
        ],
        "config-yaml": "options: {}\n",
        "download": {
          "hash-sha-256": "caf33f5d5f2df199a80217a2746a8ff04c3fd02af5a5fad200887a5a9bf16015",
          "size": 16867,
          "url": "https://api.charmhub.io/api/v1/charms/downl...

Testing with a juju prerelease
$ juju --version
2.9.34-ubuntu-amd64

Doing a fresh deploy with explicit revision I see that we make an initial request to Charmhub, asking about revision 8 (but we don't know the base).
For some reason we are making what looks like the exact same request 4 times,
but with a different instanceKey. (this might be fixed in 3.0)

```
2022-09-02 12:53:26 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client refresh.go:102 Refresh(charmhub.executeOneByRevision{
    Name: "jameinel-ubuntu-lite",
    Revision: &int(8),
    ID: "",
    resourceRevisions: nil,
    instanceKey: "8fa89cbe-a844-4f83-8d97-838c16e48d42",
    action: "install",
    fields: {"bases", "config-yaml", "download", "id", "license", "metadata-yaml", "name", "publisher", "resources", "revision", "summary", "type", "version"},
})
2022-09-02 12:53:26 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client http.go:190 POST request POST /v2/charms/refresh HTTP/1.1

Host: api.charmhub.io

Accept: application/json

Content-Type: application/json

User-Agent: Juju/2.9.34

{"context":[],"actions":[{"action":"install","instance-key":"8fa89cbe-a844-4f83-8d97-838c16e48d42","name":"jameinel-ubuntu-lite","revision":8,"base":null}],"fields":["bases","config-yaml","download","id","license","metadata-yaml","name","publisher","resources","revision","summary","type","version"]}

2022-09-02 12:53:27 TRACE juju.apiserver.charms.charmhubrepo.client http.go:203 POST response HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Content-Length: 1395

Content-Type: application/json

Date: Fri, 02 Sep 2022 12:53:27 GMT

Server: gunicorn/20.0.4

Snap-Store-Version: 50

X-Request-Id: AE4645A7F33C0A83255C01BB6311FCC620F57921

X-Vcs-Revision: 1a95ea7b

X-View-Name: snapdevicegw.webapi_refresh_charm.charm_refresh

{"error-list":[],"results":[{"charm":{"bases":[{"architecture":"amd64","channel":"16.04","name":"ubuntu"},{"architecture":"amd64","channel":"18.04","name":"ubuntu"},{"architecture":"amd64","channel":"14.04","name":"ubuntu"}],"config-yaml":"options: {}\n","download":{"hash-sha-256":"b030f6d755f53887106e2964383f1fa35517b783e12a0b1710d108a3bc0cdf32","size":16885,"url":"https://api.charmhub.io/api/v1/charms/download/BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ_8.charm"},"id":"BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ","license":"","metadata-yaml":"description: 'Run an Ubuntu system, but don''t do a whole lot else.\n\n '\nextra-bindings:\n another: null\nmaintainer: John Arbash Meinel <email address hidden>\nname: ubuntu-lite\nprovides:\n ubuntu:\n interface: ubuntu\nseries:\n- xenial\n- bionic\n- trusty\nsubordinate: false\nsummary: The smallest charm I could come up with that still looks nice.\ntags:\n- misc\n- application_development\n","name":"jameinel-ubuntu-lite","publisher":{"display-name":"John A Meinel","id":"9Xfx2ERmqDnUBmyV1MAlxnTSwuKb52B4","username":"jameinel","validation":"unproven"},"resources":[],"revision":8,"summary":"The smallest charm I could come up with that still looks nice.","type":"charm","version":"8"},"id":"BlASLTVIpvpYo4uac5rPxJ9Jji4wcgKQ","instance-key":"8fa89cbe-a844-4f83-8d97-838c16e48d42","name":"jameinel-ubuntu-lite","released-at":null,"...

From discussing with Heather, it seems that the "Refresh" api provided by Charmhub doesn't let you target a revision (it only lets you refresh to the tip of the channel), so we'll actually need to use the "Install" that we use as part of `juju deploy`.

Going through history, refresh to revision is just functionality against charmhub that we've never implemented. (juju refresh on charmhub has only ever supported going to the tip of a channel)
However, it is a downgrade from what you were able to do on Charm Store, so we should look to implement it.

This was fixed in 2.9.45, 3.1.6 and 3.2.3

https://github.com/juju/juju/pull/16259/